REDD, the gap Lacandon and new forms of dispossession
Silvia Ribeiro * Based on an agreement between the governments of Chiapas and California, in collaboration with institutions and El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Ecosur) and transnational conservation, moving in Chiapas called REDD projects, which mean the privatization of the air of forests, depriving communities of their right to inhabit the territory.
To define what you can sell carbon indulgences to the government of California and polluting industries that support it, the administration tries Chiapas, like other previous decades, open a gap in the Lacandon Jungle to delimit the area to market by renewing attacks and remains to indigenous communities. In March 2011, state government officials said the organization Justice Global Ecological ( www.globaljusticeecology.org ) that lack only bridge the gap in the area of \u200b\u200bthe canyons, "where Zapatista communities."
precisely, the attempt of demarcation in the Lacandon area four decades ago in favor of one of the seven indigenous peoples who inhabit what motivated the creation of a union of all the other peoples of the region against "the gap Lacandon "interwoven with the source resistance of the EZLN.
In 1971, the government granted 614 000 321 hectares of forest to 66 community members "Lacandon" (not his original name, and are not original inhabitants of that region), exacerbating the chaos of overlapping land titles that already existed in the region. Never marked the boundaries (the gap resistance prevented it), but since then the Lacandon are those who sign the consent to projects and contracts submitted to them by the government, are timber, tourism or as now, REDD. The other communities were displaced or live under permanent threat.
REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation avoided) is supposedly a program to prevent the emission of greenhouse gases caused by deforestation, paying carbon credits to companies to deforest a little less. Or the communities, so that foreign technicians were certified to do a management plan, which in practice means they can not use the forest and lose autonomy over the territory.
Businesses have a tremendous business, because they can continue to pollute and also part of the bonds sell at a higher price to other companies. In other words, it costs them nothing and fun environmental laws. On April 7, 2011, Greenpeace International published a report denouncing Bad Influence how the international consultancy McKinsey, which has a long history of advising privatization and now advises countries that want to get money from REDD-had made a calculation base for distorted the governments of Guyana and Congo, to show a prospect of future deforestation far greater than real. In this way, might even increase further deforestation and REDD charge, claiming that this deforested less than projected.
In the case of "payment" to communities in Mexico there are concrete examples that can cause stripping of these schemes, and that payments for forest environmental services are based on similar mechanisms. With the excuse of "pay" a modest communities to "protect the forest" actually been deprived of land management. In Oaxaca, there are cases where the term of the contract Payment for environmental services (five years), the government declared their territories "protected natural areas or priority areas for environmental services, extending the contracts for 30 years against the will of the community. Unable to use their forest, which is the basis of their traditional livelihoods, they must go to survive, though they remain the property titles.
is part of what we want to do in the jungles and forests of Chiapas: sell to corporations the carbon absorbed by forests and to give guarantees in this business, leave the forest communities, ideally moving them to thicken other government business : calls "sustainable rural towns." Displaced and uprooted, with no services and livelihood, the generous offer of the government of Chiapas is that they are pawns in the plantations for "biofuels."
REDD projects in Mexico are not formally defined as such, but the governor Juan Sabines and began paying a select community members to show their determination to establish a good base for multinationals California businesses with public funds. Also meet requirements needed "technical", such as creating a "baseline" of vegetation and a projection of future changes in land use and "biomass" and then power say that there was "less" deforestation, or whatever reason, to "absorb carbon dioxide." In these exercises will assist institutions as Ecosur and Graduate School, and a national committee REDD +, where Conafor, CONABIO, SEMARNAT and other federal government agencies, with carbon traders and business organizations that promote conservation and biodiversity.
To define the capacity of carbon sequestration, is using satellite technology combined with hyperspectral photographs and direct monitoring of some areas (for which community members are already training). Results are obtained and well defined, no only wildlife but also the humans who are there, which is a basis for monitoring all communities and also for the next generation biopiracy.
* ETC Group Research
http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2011/04/23/index.php?section=opinion&article=019a1eco
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